Publications

BATCircle2.0 (2021-)

Biswas, J., Ulmala, S., Wan, X., Partinen, J., Lundström, M., Jokilaakso, A., 2023. Selective Sulfation Roasting for Cobalt and Lithium Extraction from Industrial LCO-Rich Spent Black Mass. Metals 2023, 13, 358. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13020358

dos Reis, G.S., Petnikota, S., Subramaniyam, C.M., de Oliveira, H.P., Larsson, S., Thyrel, M., Lassi, U., García Alvarado, F., 2023. Sustainable biomass-derived carbon electrodes for potassium and aluminum batteries: conceptualizing the key parameters for improved performance. Nanomaterials, 13, 4, 765. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13040765

dos Reis, G.S., Subramaniyam, C.M., Cárdenas, A.D., Larsson, S.H., Thyrel, M., Lassi, U., García-Alvarado, F., 2022. Facile One pot Synthesis of Chemically Activated Sustainable Nanoporous Biochars as Efficient Lithium-ion Storage Anodes. ACS Omega 2022, 7, 46, 42570–42581. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c06054

Giove, A., El Ouardi, Y., Sala, A., Ibrahim, F., Hietala, S., Sievänen, E., Branger, C., Laatikainen, K., 2023. Highly selective recovery of Ni(II) in neutral and acidic media using a novel Ni(II)-ion imprinted polymer. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 144(B), 130453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130453

Laine, P., Hietaniemi, M., Välikangas, J., Kauppinen, T., Tynjälä, P., Hu, T., Wang, S., Singh, H., Lassi, U., 2023 Co-precipitation of Mg-doped Ni_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1(OH)₂: Effect of magnesium doping and washing on the battery cell performance. Dalton Transactions 5, 1-12, 1413. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2DT02246J

Rinne, T., Araya-Gomez, N., Serna-Guerrero, R., 2023. A study on the effect of particle size on Li-ion battery recycling via flotation and perspectives on selective flocculation. Batteries 2023, 9(2), 68. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9020068

Wang, Y., Hietaniemi, M., Välikangas, J., Hu, T., Tynjälä, P., Lassi, U., 2023. Effects of lithium source and content on the properties of Li-rich layered oxide cathode materials. ChemEngineering 7(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering7010015

Ahaliabadeh, Z., Kong, X., Fedorovskaya, E.O., Kallio, T., 2022. Extensive comparison of doping and coating strategies for Ni-rich positive electrode materials, Journal of Power Sources 540, 231633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231633

Abdollahifar, M., Molaiyan, P., Cavers, H., Lassi, U., Kwade, A., 2022. Multifunctional Behaviour of Graphite in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 169, 112948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112948

Abdollahifar, M., Molaiyan, P., Perovic, M., Kwade, A., 2022. Insights into Enhancing Electrochemical Performance Anodes of Li-ion Batteries via polymer coating, Energies 2022, 15(23), 8791. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238791

Cavers, H., Molaiyan, P., Abdollahifar, M., Lassi, U., Kwade, A., 2022. Perspectives on Improving the Safety and Sustainability of High Voltage Lithium-Ion Batteries Through the Electrolyte and Separator Region, Advanced Energy Materials, 12(23), 2200147. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202200147

Chernyaev, A., Zou, Y., Wilson, B.P. & Lundström, M., 2022, The interference of copper, iron and aluminum with hydrogen peroxide and its effects on reductive leaching of LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂, Separation and Purification Technology, 281, 119903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119903

dos Reis, S.G., Subramaniyam, C.M., Cárdenas, A.D., Larsson, S.H., Thyrel, M., Lassi, U., García-Alvarado, F., 2022. Facile One pot Synthesis of Chemically Activated Sustainable Nanoporous Biochars as Efficient Lithium-ion Storage Anodes, ACS Omega 2022, 7, 46, pp. 42570–42581. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c06054

Jantunen, N., Virolainen, S., Sainio, T., 2022. Direct Production of Ni–Co–Mn Mixtures for Cathode Precursors from Cobalt-Rich Lithium-Ion Battery Leachates by Solvent Extraction, Metals 2022, 12, 1445. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12091445

Lahtinen, K., Labmayr, M., Mäkelä, V., Jiang, H., Lahtinen, J., Yao, L., Fedorovskaya, E.O., Räsänen, S., Huotari, S., Kallio, T., 2022. Long-term cycling behavior of Mg-doped LiCoO2 materials investigated with the help of laboratory scale X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy, Materials Today Energy 27, 101040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2022.101040

Lapinkangas, S., Rautio, L., Kauppinen, T., Hu, T., Pesonen, J., Lassi, U., 2022. Precipitation of potassium as hazenite from washing water of spent alkaline batteries, Chemical Engineering Journal Advances, 12, 100426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100426

Lin, Y., Tian, H., Qian, J., Yu, M., Hu, T., Lassi, U., Chen, Z., Wu, Z., 2022. Biocarbon directed vertical δ-MnO2 nanoflakes for fast lithium-ion diffusion kinetics, Materials Today Chemistry 26, 101023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.101023

Ma, S., Liu, F., Li, K., Chen, Z., Chen, F., Wang, J., Zhong, S., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., 2022. Separation of Li and Al from spent ternary Li-ions batteries by aluminum-carbon in-situ reduction roasting followed by selective leaching, Hydrometallurgy 213, 105941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2022.105941

Meshram, P., Virolainen, S., Abhilash, Sainio, T., 2022. Solvent Extraction for Separation of 99.9% Pure Cobalt and Recovery of Li, Ni, Fe, Cu, Al from Spent LIBs, Metals 12(6), 1056. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12061056

Partinen, J., Halli, P., Helin, S., Wilson B.P., Lundström, M., 2022. Utilizing Cu+ as catalyst in reductive leaching of lithium-ion battery cathode materials in H2SO4–NaCl solutions, Hydrometallurgy 208, 105808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2021.105808

Rinne, T., Klemettinen, A., Klemettinen, L., Ruismäki, R., O’Brien, H., Jokilaakso, A., Serna-Guerrero, R., 2022. Recovering value from end-of-life batteries by integrating froth flotation and pyrometallurgical copper-slag cleaning, Metals 12 (1), 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12010015

Sardisco, L., Hannula, P.-M., Pearce, T.J., Morgan, L., 2022. Multi-Technique Analytical Approach to Quantitative Analysis of Spodumene, Minerals 2022, 12 (2), 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/min12020175

Sliz, R., Valikangas, J., Silva Santos, H., Vilmi, P., Rieppo, L., Hu, T., Lassi, U., Fabritius, T., 2022. Suitable cathode NMP replacement for efficient sustainable printed Li-ion batteries, ACS Applied Energy Materials  5(4), pp. 4047–4058. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsawrodem.1c02923

Vanderbruggen, A., Hayagan, N., Bachmann, K., Ferreira, A., Werner, D., Horn, D., Peuker, U., Serna-Guerrero, R., Rudolph, M., 2022. Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling ─ Influence of Recycling Processes on Component Liberation and Flotation Separation Efficiency, ACS ES&T Engineering, 11, pp. 2130–2141. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestengg.2c00177

Chernyaev, A., Wilson B.P., Lundström, M., 2021. Study on valuable metal incorporation in the Fe-Al precipitate during neutralization of LIB leach solution, Nature Scientific Reports 11, 23283. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02019-2

Tuovinen, T., Vielma, T., Tynjälä, P., Lassi, U., 2021. Utilization of waste sodium sulfate from battery chemical production in neutral electrolytic pickling, Journal of Cleaner Production 324, 129237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129237

BATCircle (2019-2021)

Avarmaa, K., Taskinen, P., Klemettinen, L., O’Brien, H.,  Lindberg, D., 2021. Ni-Fe-Co alloy – magnesia-iron-silicate slag equilibria and the behavior of minor elements Cu and P in nickel slag cleaning, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 15, pp. 719−730.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.07.112

Chen, Y., Shi, P., Chang, D., Jie, Y., Yang, S., Wu, G., Chen, H., Zhu, J., Hu, F., Wilson, B.P.,  Lundström, M., 2021. Selective extraction of valuable metals from spent EV power batteries using sulfation roasting and two stage leaching process, Separation and Purification Technology, 258, 118078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118078

Dańczak, A., Ruismäki, R., Rinne, T., Klemettinen, L., O’Brien, H., Taskinen, P., Jokilaakso, A.,  Serna‐Guerrero, R., 2021. Worth from waste: Utilizing a graphite‐rich fraction from spent lithium‐ion batteries as alternative reductant in nickel slag cleaning, Minerals, 11(7), 25, p. 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11070784

Hietaniemi, M., Hu, T., Välikangas, J., Niittykoski, J., Lassi, U., 2021. Effect of precursor particle size and morphology on lithiation of Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2(OH)2, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry (2021), 51, pp. 1545−1557. https://oadoi.org/10.1007/s10800-021-01596-4

Kalliomäki, T., Aji, A.T., Jafari, S., Leskinen, W., Wilson, B.P., Aromaa, J., Lundström, M., 2021, Industrial Validation of Conductivity and Viscosity Models for Copper Electrolysis Processes, Minerals Engineering 171, 107069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2021.107069

Lahtinen, K., Rautama, E., Jiang, H., Räsänen, S., Kallio, T., 2021. Reuse of LiCoO2 electrodes collected from spent Li‐ion batteries after the electrochemical re‐lithiation of the electrode, ChemSusChem 14(11), pp. 2434−2444, PMID: 33871177. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202100629

Liu, F., Peng, C., Ma, Q., Wang, J., Zhou, S., Chen, Z., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., 2021. Selective lithium recovery and integrated preparation of high-purity lithium hydroxide products from spent lithium-ion batteries, Separation and Purification Technology 259, 118181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118181

Rinne, M., Elomaa, H., Porvali, A., Lundström, M., 2021. Simulation-based life cycle assessment for hydrometallurgical recycling of mixed LIB and NiMH waste, Resources, Conservation and Recycling 170, 105586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105586

Virolainen, S., Wesselborg, T., Kaukinen, A., Sainio, T., 2021. Removal of iron, aluminum, manganese and copper from leach solutions of lithium-ion battery waste using ion exchange, Hydrometallurgy, 202, 105602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2021.105602

Wesselborg, T., Virolainen, S., Sainio, T., 2021. Recovery of lithium from leach solutions of battery waste using direct solvent extraction with TBP and FeCl₃, Hydrometallurgy, 202, 105593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2021.105593

Avarmaa, K., Järvenpää, M., Klemettinen, L., Marjakoski, M., Taskinen, P., Lindberg, D.,  Jokilaakso, A., 2020. Battery scrap and biochar utilization for improved metal recoveries in nickel slag cleaning conditions, Batteries, 6(4), 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries6040058

Chernyaev, A., Partinen, J., Klemettinen, L., Wilson, B.P., Jokilaakso, A., Lundström, M., 2020. The efficiency of scrap Cu and Al current collector materials as reductants in LIB waste leaching, Hydrometallurgy, 203, 105608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2021.105608

Gao, S., Hakanen, E., Rajala, R., 2020. Digital Transformation: The Interplay of Explorative and Exploitative Capability Development, Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, pp. 4306−4315. https://doi.org/10.24251/HICSS.2020.527

Peng, C., Lahtinen, K., Medina, E., Kauranen, P., Karppinen, M., Kallio, T., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., 2020. Role of impurity copper in Li-ion battery recycling to LiCoO2 cathode materials, Journal of Power Sources, 450, 8, 227630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227630

Porvali, A., Agarwal, V., Lundström, M., 2020. REE(III) recovery from spent NiMH batteries as REE double sulfates and their simultaneous hydrolysis and wet-oxidation, Waste Management, 107, p. 66−73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.042

Porvali, A., Chernyaev, A., Shukla, S., Lundström, M., 2020. Lithium ion battery active material dissolution kinetics in Fe(II)/Fe(III) catalyzed Cu-H2SO4 leaching system, Separation and Purification Technology, 116305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116305

Porvali, A. Ojanen, S., Wilson, B.P., Serna-Guerrero, R., Lundström, M., 2020. Nickel Metal Hydride Battery Waste: Mechano-hydrometallurgical Experimental Study on Recycling Aspects, Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 6, pp. 78−90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-019-00258-2

Porvali, A., Shukla. S., Lundström, M. 2020. Low-acid leaching of lithium-ion battery active materials in Fe-catalyzed Cu-H2SO4 system, Hydrometallurgy, 195, 105408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2020.105408

Ruismäki, R., Dańczak, A., Klemettinen, L., Taskinen, P., Lindberg, D., Jokilaakso, A. 2020. Integrated battery scrap recycling and nickel slag cleaning with methane reduction, Minerals 2020, 10(5), 435. https://doi.org/10.3390/min10050435

Ruismäki, R., Rinne, T., Dańczak, A., Taskinen, P., Serna Guerrero, R., Jokilaakso, A., 2020. Integrating Flotation and Pyrometallurgy for Recovering Graphite and Valuable Metals from Battery Scrap, Metals 2020, 10(5), 680. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10050680

Siltaloppi, J., Rajala, R., Hietala, H., 2020. Integrating CSR with business strategy: A tension management perspective, Journal of Business Ethics, 174, pp. 507–527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-020-04569-3

Välikangas, J., Laine, P., Tynjälä, P., Hu, T., Lassi U., 2020. Precipitation and calcination of high-capacity LiNiO2 cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, Applied Sciences, 10(24), 8988. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248988

Wang, Z., Peng, C., Yliniemi, K., Lundström, M., 2020. Recovery of High-Purity Silver from Spent Silver Oxide Batteries by Sulfuric Acid Leaching and Electrowinning, ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 8(41), pp. 15573-15583. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c04701

Agarwal, V., Khalid, M.K., Porvali, A., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., 2019. Recycling of spent NiMH batteries: Integration of battery leach solution into primary Ni production using solvent extraction, Sustainable Materials and Technologies, pp. e00121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2019.e00121

Chen, Y., Chang, D., Liu, N., Hu, F., Peng, C., Zhou, X., He, J., Jie, Y., Wang, H., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., 2019. Biomass-Assisted Reductive Leaching in H2SO4 Medium for the Recovery of Valuable Metals from Spent Mixed-Type Lithium-Ion Batteries, Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 71, pp. 4465−4472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03775-3

Dong, J., Hietaniemi, M., Välikangas, J., Hu, T., Lassi, U., 2019. Modification of Layered Oxide Cathode Materials. In: Future Lithium-ion Batteries, (Ed. Eftekhari, Ali), Royal Society of Chemistry, London, pp. 44−71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788016124-00044

Eloranta, V., Hakanen, E., Töytäri, P.,, Turunen, T., 2019. Aligning multilateral value creation and value capture in ecosystem-level business models, Academy of Management Proceedings 2019. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2019.18966abstract

Gao, S., Hakanen, E., Töytäri, P.,, Rajala, R., 2019. Digital transformation in asset-intensive businesses: Lessons learned from the metals and mining industry, Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 4927–4936. https://doi.org/https://hdl.handle.net/10125/59930

Hakanen, E., 2019.Why to collaborate? Three approaches to innovation behind the transition from firms to ecosystems, Academy of Management Proceedings 2019. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2019.16859abstract

Han, B., Bøckman, O., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., Louhi-Kultanen, M., 2019. Purification of Nickel Sulfate by Batch Cooling Crystallization, Chemical Engineering and Technology, 42(7), p. 1475−1480. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201800695

Hu, F.,Wilson, B.P., Han, B., Zhang, J., Louhi-Kultanen, M., Lundström, M., 2019. High Purity Nickel Recovery from an Industrial Sidestream Using Concentration and Liquid–Liquid Extraction Techniques, Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03928-4

Klemettinen, L., Aromaa, R., Dańczak, A., O'Brien, H., Taskinen, P., Jokilaakso, A., 2019. Distribution kinetics of rare earth elements in copper smelting, Sustainability 2020, 12, 208. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12010208

Lahtinen, K., Rauhala, T., Räsänen, S., Rautama, E., Kallio, T., 2019. The effect of synthesis modifications on the lithium cobalt oxide using commercial precursors, Electrochimica Acta, 135012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135012

Liu, F., Peng, C., Porvali, A., Wang, Z., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., 2019. Synergistic recovery of valuable metals from spent nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries, ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 7, 19, pp.16103–16111 https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b02863.

Peng, C., Chang, C., Wang, Z., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., 2019. Recovery of High-Purity MnO2 from the Acid Leaching Solution of Spent Li-Ion Batteries, Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, pp. 1−10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03785-1

Peng, C., Liu, F., Aji, A.T., Wilson, B.P., Lundström, M., 2019. Extraction of Li and Co from industrially produced Li-ion battery waste–Using the reductive power of waste itself, Waste Management, 95, pp. 604−611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.06.048

Porvali, A., Agarwal, V., Lundström, M., 2019. Circulation of Sodium Sulfate Solution Produced During NiMH Battery Waste Processing, Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, pp.1−13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-019-0086-2

Shi, J., Peng, C., Chen, M., Li, Y., Eric, H., Klemettinen, L., Lundström, M., Taskinen, P., Jokilaakso, A., 2019. Sulfation Roasting Mechanism for Spent Lithium-Ion Battery Metal Oxides Under SO2-O2-Ar Atmosphere, Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, 71, pp. 4473−4482. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03800-5

Wang, Z., Halli, P., Hannula, P., Liu, F., Wilson, B.P., Yliniemi, K., Lundström, M., 2019. Recovery of Silverfrom Dilute Effluents via Electrodeposition and Redox Replacement, Journal of the Electrochemical Society ,166(8), E266−E274. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0031910jes

BATCircle2.0 (2021-)

Lappalainen, H., Rinne, M., Elomaa, H., Aromaa, J., Lundström, M., 2023. Assessment of environmental impacts of lithium hydroxide production via soda leaching route, conference article in EMC 2023,11–14 June 2023, Dusseldorf, Germany.

Rinne, M., Elomaa, H., Lundström, M., 2023. The effect of energy decarbonization on the environmental impacts of hydrometallurgical black mass recycling in Europe, conference article in EMC 2023, 11–14 June 2023, Dusseldorf, Germany.

Jantunen N., Kauppinen, T., Salminen, J., Virolainen, S., Lassi, U., Sainio, T., 2022. Purification of manganese-rich anode sludge leachate by solvent extraction. International solvent extraction conference 2022, 26–30 September 2022, Gothenburg Sweden

Kallio, T., 2022. New Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion & Storage, Invited Talk, 8–9 June 2022, Chem Bio Fairs, Helsinki, Finland.

Kallio, T., 2022. Tulevaisuuden näkymiä materiaalinäkökulmasta, Invited Talk, Parliament of Finland; Committee for the Future, 24 May 2022, Helsinki, Finland.

Lahaye, Y., Lukkari, S., Grönholm, P. & Kurtti, J. 2022. Li and Pb isotopic constrains on LCT pegmatites petrogenesis in Kaustinen area, Finland. In: Sæmundsson, Þ., Hjartardóttir, Á. R., Gautason, B. & Geirsson, H. (eds) The 35th Nordic Geological Winter Meeting 2022. Programme and Abstracts. Reykjavík, Iceland 11–13 May 2022. p. 119. Available: https://jfi.is/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/NGWM-2022.pdf

Lassi, U. et al. 2022. Coprecipitation of high-nickel mixed metal hydroxide precursors for LIBs: Improved sustainability in the battery value chain, 26–28 October 2022, NordBatt 2022, Gothenburg, Sweden (oral presentation).

Lassi, U. 2022, Sustainable energy storage materials, ICBSEE2022, 20–24 June, NIT Rourkela, India (invited keynote presentation).

Lassi, U. 2022. Sustainable Lithium-Ion Batteries, ESTC 2022 meeting, Romania (invited keynote presentation).

Tynjälä, P., Laine, P., Välikangas, J., Kauppinen, T., Lassi, U., 2022. Effect of process conditions on the coprecipitation of Ni(OH)2for LNO battery chemicals, BIWIC2022, conference paper (& presentation).

Virolainen, S., Kaukinen, A., Sainio, T., 2022. Ion exchange purification of lithium ion battery waste leachate. IEX2022 - A Vision for the Future, 7–9 September 2022, Online webinar.

Virolainen, S., Sainio, T., Leikoski, T., 2022. Oxidation of hydrocarbon diluents under cobalt solvent extraction conditions. International solvent extraction conference 2022, 26–30 September 2022, Gothenburg Sweden.

Wesselborg, T. Virolainen, S., Sainio, T., 2022. Recovery of Lithium from Leach Solutions of Battery Waste Using Direct Solvent Extraction with TBP and FeCl3. International solvent extraction conference 2022, 26–30 September 2022, Gothenburg Sweden.

Lassi, Kauppinen, et al., 2021. The use of secondary materials in NMC co-precipitation: Effect of impurities on the cell performance, 239th ECS Meeting, Chicago (presentation, virtual), 2 June 2021.

Lassi, U., 2021. Co-precipitation of high-nickel NMC: Effect of doping and coating on the battery performance, 239th ECS Meeting, 30 May – 3 June 2021 (Online).

Lassi, U., Välikangas J., Laine P., et al., 2021. High-capacity LNO cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, ICSEM-2021, 19 July 2021 (presentation, virtual).

Rinne, T., Dańczak, A., Serna-Guerrero, R., 2021. Recovering value from end-of-life batteries by integrating froth flotation and pyrometallurgical slag cleaning, Sustainable Minerals ’21.

BATCircle (2019-2021)

Chernyaev, A., Partinen, J., Lundström, M., 2021. The effect of Cu, Al and Fe impurities on leaching efficiency of two lithium-ion battery waste fractions, Ni-Co 2021 as a part of TMS2021 Virtual, 15–18 March 2021 (Online).

Hannula, P-M., 2021. BATCircle – final round up of achievements, 4th British-Finnish Geosciences Initiative, 12–13 April 2021 (Online).

Hannula, P-M., 2021. Finland and BATCircle - sustainable European battery metals ecosystem, China International Battery Industry Cooperation Summit, 19–20 March 2021 (Online).

Kauranen, P., 2021. Battery Sustainability, 2021 ICAO Stocktaking on aviation in-sector CO₂ emissions reductions, 16 March 2021 (Online).

Lassi, U., Kauppinen, T., Tynjälä, P., et al. 2021. Co-precipitation of NMC811: Effect of impurities on the battery performance, Swiss Battery Days, 15–17 February 2021 (Online).

Lassi, U., 2021. Webinar: partnership development activity between Quebec, Sweden and Finland in the battery sector, Ministère de l'Économie et de l'Innovation, 10 February 2021 (Online).

Lassi, U., 2021. Webinar: Batteries from Finland, The way to low-carbon future, 28 January 2021 (Online).

Lundström, M., Porvali, A., Elomaa, H., Rinne, M., Hannula, P., Kauranen, P., 2021. BATCircle – towards CO2 low battery recycling, Ni-Co 2021 as a part of TMS2021 Virtual, 15–18 March 2021 (Online).

Porvali, A., Agarwal, V., Angerla, H., Lundström, M., 2021. Recovery of Ni as Tutton’s Salts from Simulated Battery Leach Solutions, Ni-Co 2021 as a part of TMS2021 Virtual, 15–18 March 2021 (Online).

Sliz, R., Välikangas, J., Vilmi, P., Hu, T., Lassi, U., Fabritius, T., 2021. Screen printing of i-ion battery cells using green(er) solvents, Swiss Battery Days, 15–17 February 2021 (Online).

Ahaliabadeh, Z., Kallio, T., 2020. Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of TiO2 Modified LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Cathode Material via Atomic Layer Deposition, Bilateral Conference on Functional Materials (BiC-FM), 8–9 October 2020 (Online).

Hannula, P-M. Kauranen, P. Lundström, M., 2020. BATCircle – Finnish battery metals ecosystem, E-Waste Conference & Expo 2020 (Online November, 2020).

Karhunen, T., Jokiniemi, J., Lähde, A., 2020. Inorganic precursors for flame synthesis of LTO, 4^th International Symposium Gas-Phase Synthesis of Functional Nanomaterials, 6–9 October 2020, Fraunhofer-inHaus-Center, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.

Kauppinen, T., 2020. Investigations on manganese containing side streams and potential applications, Kokkola Material Week, 11 November 2020.

Lassi, U., 2020. Akkukemian tulevaisuuden visiot – haasteet ja mahdollisuudet, oral presentation, Sähköautot ja akkujen tulevaisuus –seminaari, 14 October 2020.

Lassi, U., 2020. Battery chemistry research at the University of Oulu, oral presentation, KAKKU – Kainuun akkukemikaalit ja metallit seminaari 12 November 2020.

Lassi, U. 2020. Printed solid-state lithium-ion batteries, Kokkola Material Week, 10 November 2020.

Lassi, U., Välikangas, J., Kauppinen, T., Tynjälä, P., 2020. High-nickel cathodes for LIBs: Use of secondary materials, oral presentation, FINLAND - MICHIGAN ENERGY CIRCLE COLLABORATION TOWARD ELECTRIFICATION, Michigan, Yhdysvallat (USA), 29 October 2020.

Lundström, M., 2020. Batteries from Finland network at the service of Nordic cooperation - Case BATCircle, Nordic battery webinar (Prosin Conference, NO) 10–11 August 2020.

Lundström, M., Hannula, P-M., Porvali, A., Rinne, M., Elomaa, H., Kauranen, P., 2020. Finland-based circular ecosystem of battery metals (BATCircle), ALTA 2020 (Online November, 2020).

Rinne, M., Sahlman, M., Elomaa, H., Lundström, M., 2020. Life cycle assessment of hydrometallurgical processes based on flowsheet simulation – case study of gold from the deposit with battery metals, ALTA2020 Online (Online November, 2020).

Serna-Guerrero, R., 2020. Analisis de entropía estadística como herramienta para la economía circular de materiales (Statistical entropy analysis as a tool for the circular economy of materials). Semiario de Economia Circular en Mineria, University of Antofagasta, Chile, 9 December 2020 (Online,).

Tynjälä, P., Lassi, U., 2020. Co-precipitation of high-nickel NMC: Effect of precursor properties on battery performance, oral presentation, FINLAND - MICHIGAN ENERGY CIRCLE COLLABORATION TOWARD ELECTRIFICATION, Michigan, Yhdysvallat (USA), 29 October 2020.

Välikangas, J., Laine, P., Hietaniemi, M., Hu, T., Tynjälä, P., Lassi, U., 2020. High capacity Al-coated high nickel cathode for lithium-ion batteries, ICFuture2020 – International Conference on Imaging and Characterization: Future Technologies and Applications, 8–10 January, Oulu, Finland.

Agarwal, V., Oksanen, E., Seisko, S., Wilson, B.P.., Aromaa, J., Bøckman, O., Lundström, M., 2019. Hydrothermal precipitation of nickel and cobalt oxides, European Metallurgical Conference 2019, 23–26 June 2019, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Aromaa, J., Forsén, O., Lundström, M., Latostenmaa, P., 2019. One hundred years of electrolytic copper production in Finland, Copper 2019, August 18–21 2019, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Hietaniemi, M., et al., 2019. Comparison of single crystal and polycrystalline lithiation for NCM622 cathode materials, poster presentation, Nordbatt2019, Denmark.

Jokilaakso, A., Ruismäki, R., Danczak, A., Rämä, M., 2019. Non-fossil reductants in non-ferrous metals refining, 3rd Int. Process Metallurgy Symp., Metallurgy as a tool for challenges in circular economy, Aalto Univ. School of Chem. and Met. Engineering, 5–6 November 2019, Espoo, Finland.

Kauranen, P., 2019. Finland-based Circular Ecosystem of Battery Metals (BATCircle), Kokkola Material Week, 12 November 2019, Kokkola, Finland.

Klemettinen, L., Avarmaa, K., O’Brien, H., Kleemola, L., Ruismäki, R., Dańczak, A., Taskinen, P., Lindberg, D., Jokilaakso, A., 2019. LA-ICP-MS technique for characterization of metallurgical samples, Poster in 3rd Int. Process Metallurgy Symp., Metallurgy as a tool for challenges in circular economy, Aalto Univ. School of Chem. and Met. Engineering, 5–6 November 2019, Espoo, Finland.

Lassi, U., et al., 2019. Akkukemian klusterimme – visiot ja näkymät EU-tasolla, oral presentation, Kokkola Material Week 2019.

Lassi, U., et al., 2019. Recycling of spent alkaline batteries and recovery of manganese, oral presentation, Nordbatt2019, Denmark.

Lundström, M., 2019. BATCircle - Future of LIB battery recycling, International Process Metallurgy Symposium 2019, November 5–6 2019, Espoo, Finland.

Lundström, M., 2019. Battery Recycling in Europe, European Metallurgical Conference 2019, June 23–26 2019, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Lundström, M., Hannula, P-M., Kauranen, P., Rajala, R., Kojo, I., 2019. BATCircle – Towards battery recycling in Finland and Europe, 24th International Congress for Battery Recycling ICBR2019, 18–20 September 2019, Lyon, France.

Kalliomäki,  T., Aji, A.T., Aromaa, J., Lundström, M., 2019. Settling properties of copper electrorefining anode slimes, Copper 2019, 18–21 August 2019 Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Kauranen, P., Lundström, M., Kojo, I., Hannula, P-M., 2019. Battery Recycling Research in Finland and Europe, Nordbatt 2019, 25–27 September 2019, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Kauranen, P., 2019. BATCircle - RDI Support for Sustainable Scandinavian and European Battery Value Chains, Oslo Battery Days, 26–27 August 2019, Oslo, Norway.

Sainio, T., 2019. Continuous ion exchange in purification of battery metals - Case Cobalt, IPMS 2019, Espoo.

Tynjälä, P., et al., 2019. High capacity, low cobalt-containing cathode materials for LIBs, oral presentation, Nordbatt2019, Denmark.

D.Sc. Theses

BATCircle2.0 (2021-)

Jantunen, N., 2023. Development of liquid-liquid extraction processes for concentrated hydrometallurgical solutions, D.Sc thesis, LUT University.

BATCircle (2019-2021)

Meščeriakovas, A., 2021, “Synthesis, characteristics and application of doped carbon structures”, D.Sc. Thesis, UEF University.

Peng, C., 2020,” Hydrometallurgical methods for the recycling of valuable metals from industrially produced lithium ion battery waste”, D.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Porvali, A., 2020, “Complexities of Hydrometallurgical Recycling of Spent NiMH and Li-ion Batteries “, D.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Vielma, T., 2019, “Thermodynamic properties of concentrated zinc bearing solutions”, D.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

M.Sc. Theses

BATCircle2.0 (2021-)

Leinonen, J., 2023. Synthesis of modified lithium iron phosphate and its electrochemical properties, M.Sc. thesis, University of Oulu, Faculty of Technology.

Rytkönen, S., 2023. Mechanical separation and acid leaching: potential to decrease the environmental impact of the graphite tailings by recovering sulfide sulfur and heavy metals, M.Sc. thesis, GTK.

Xiao, Y., 2023. Leaching behavior of valuable metals from nickel smelter slag, M.Sc. thesis, Aalto University. 

Airola, E., 2022. Complexing agents in co-precipitation of sparingly soluble nickel rich NCM salts,  M.Sc. thesis, University of Oulu, Faculty of Technology.

Bozo, E., 2022. Interfacial solid-liquid phenomena in precipitation, M.Sc. thesis, University of Oulu, Faculty of Technology.

Hokkanen, E., 2022, “Recovery of under recycled elements from lithium-ion batteries”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Huhtelin, S., 2022. Nikkelisulfaatin kriittiset ominaisuudet akkuarvoketjussa, M.Sc. thesis, University of Oulu, Faculty of Technology.

Markkanen, T., 2022. Determination of specific surface area from layered lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxides with nitrogen adsorption, M.Sc. thesis, University of Oulu, Faculty of Technology.

Schreiner, S., 2022. ALD/MLD process for coating battery grade graphite, M.Sc. thesis, Aalto University.

BATCircle (2019-2021)

Helin, S.A., 2021, "Extraction of manganese from mining process and battery waste solutions via carbonate precipitation", M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Hänninen, H., 2021, “Practices of value-based pricing in industrial services”, M.Sc. thesis, Aalto University.

Palomäki, H., 2021, “Electrochemical Methods for the Recovery of Battery Metals from Lithium-ion Battery Waste Leach Solutions”, M.Sc. thesis, Aalto University.

Bruk, L., 2020, “Optimization and simulation of NMC-cathode material precursor production”, M.Sc. Thesis, LUT University.

Byström, M. 2020, “Co-precipitation of nickel-cobalt-manganese precursor for lithium-ion batteries: Effect of precursor properties on battery performance”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

Heliö, H. 2020. “Role of transparency and value communication in ecosystems”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Huhtanen, V., 2020, “Impurity removal in the production of nickel and cobalt products for the battery industry”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

Hämäläinen, H., 2020, "The effect of digital servitization to the boundaries of firms ”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Ihalainen, M., 2020, “Evaluation of health effects after worker exposure to airborne nanoparticles during gas phase processes”, M.Sc. Thesis, UEF University.

Jansson, E., 2020, “Investigation of natural graphite as active material for the negative electrode in lithium-ion batteries”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Järvenpää, M., 2020, “Improving reduction kinetics and cobalt recovery in nickel slag cleaning furnace conditions”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Kervinen, I., 2020, ”Co-precipitation and thermodynamic properties of NCM carbonates”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

Matikainen, O., 2020, “Improving end-of-life energy storage metals’ and nickel recovery in nickel slag cleaning furnace”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Olli, S., 2020, “Solid-state lithium-ion batteries – Challenges and opportunities”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

Pitkänen, K., 2020, “The institutional challenge of service transformation in a battery ecosystem”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Wang, Y., 2020, “Lithium-rich layered oxides as cathode material in LIBs”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

Kaukinen, A., 2019, “Ion exchange in hydrometallurgical recycling of Li-ion battery metals: production of Li-Ni-Co mixture”, M.Sc. Thesis, LUT University.

Kuorikoski, E., 2019, ”Saostus ja pinta-aktiiviset aineet”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu .

Leskinen, W., 2019, ”Environmental effect of the lithium hydroxide production in pressure leaching with sodium carbonate”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Nissi, J., 2019, “Development of safety protocols in Aalto university LIB recycling laboratory”, M.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Tuovinen, T., 2019, ”Metalli(II)karbonaattien muodostuminen ja termodynaaminen karakterisointi”, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

B.Sc. Theses

BATCircle (2019-2021)

Airola E. 2021 “Piipohjaiset anodimateriaalit litiumioniakuissa”, B.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

Finnholm, T., 2021. Akkumetallien tuotannon ympäristövaikutukset, B.Sc. thesis, Aalto University.

Hietala, M., 2020, ”Harvinaisten maametallien erottaminen ja talteenotto NiMH-akuista”, B.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

Vehviläinen, H. 2020. ”Solid state -akkujen tulevaisuus ja kierrätys”, B.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

Mustonen, I. 2019, ”Nikkelisulfidin saostaminen rikkivedyllä – Tuotteen laatu ja siihen vaikuttavat tekijät”, B.Sc. Thesis, University of Oulu.

Saarnisaari, A. 2019. “Elektrolyytin tiheys ja viskositeetti kuparin raffinointielektrolyysissä”, B.Sc. Thesis, Aalto University.

BATCircle2.0 (2021-)

Michaux, S.P., Hirani, J., Nad, A., Korhonen, T., Rytkönen, S., Sardisco, L., Tepsell, J., Apeiranthitis, N., Franzel, M., Pirrie, D., Wray, D., Jolis, E.M., Davidson, M., Butcher, A.R., 2023. Geometallurgical characterization of samples from Aitolampi graphite ore. Geological Survey of Finland. Open File Work Report 17/2023. Available at: https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/17_2023.pdf 

Bacher, J., 2022. Secondary raw materials for primary processing. VTT Public report, VTT-R-00573-22,   https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/secondary-raw-materials-for-primary-processing-d212-literature-re

Chudasama, B., Sarala, P., 2022. Mineral prospectivity mapping of lithium- spodumene pegmatites in the Kaustinen region of Finland: Implications for lithium exploration in Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Open File Work Report, https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/28_2022.pdf

Michaux, S., 2022. Survey of end of life Finnish industrial battery metal sites that have potential acid mine drainage impacts. Geological Survey of Finland, GTK Open File Work Report 21/2022,  https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/21_2022.pdf

Karppinen, A., 2022. Production of battery metals from potential secondary streams. Aalto University, confidential report

Pohjalainen, E., Karhu, M., Vatanen, S., 2022. Environmental data for batteries, availability and gaps. VTT Confidential report

Corfe, I.J., Butcher, A., 2022. Literature survey of potential raw materials for rechargeable batteries. Geological Survey of Finland, Open File Work Report 32/2022, https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/32_2022.pdf

BATCircle (2019-2021)

Bachér, J., Mäkelä, T., Porvali, A., Rintala, L., 2021, “Characteristics of crushed battery waste and mechanical pretreatment at laboratory scale”, VTT Research Report, (VTT-R-01091-20)

Dehaine, Q., Farajewicz, M., Michaux, S.P., Butcher, A.R., Cook, N., 2021, “Geometallurgical characterization of the Rajapelot Au-Co project”, GTK Open File Work Report 5/2021, https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/5_2021.pdf

Dehaine, Q., Michaux, S.P., Butcher, A.R., 2021, “Metallurgical testwork for the geometallurgical orientation study of the Mawson Gold’s Rajapalot Au-Co project”, GTK Open File Work Report 14/2021, https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/14_2021.pdf

Farajewicz, M., Cook, N., 2021, “Sample Selection for Geometallurgical Characterization in the Rajapalot Deposit”, GTK Open File Work Report 9/2021, https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/9_2021.pdf

Hannula, P-M., Seisko, S., Kauranen, P., Lundström, M., 2021, "Finland-based Circular Ecosystem of Battery Metals - BATCircle", Final Report, 2019-2021

Michaux, S.P., Butcher, A.R., Dehaine, Q., Korhonen, T., Rivera, W., Bastin, D., Sardisco, L., Hughes, C., Morgan, L., Martin, J., Auranen, I., 2021, “Metallurgical testwork for the geometallurgical orientation study of the Konttijärvi Ni-Cu-PGE-(Au-Co) deposit”, GTK Open File Work Report 15/2021, https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/15_2021.pdf

Tuomela, P., Törmänen, T., Michaux, S., 2021, “Strategic roadmap for the development of Finnish battery mineral resources”, GTK Open File Work Report 31/2021, https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/31_2021.pdf

Törmänen, T., Tuomela, P., 2021, “Analysis of Finnish battery mineral deposits with special emphasis on cobalt”, GTK Open File Research Report 29/2021, https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/29_2021.pdf

Hannula, P-M., Chernyaev, A., Seisko, S., Lundström, M., 2020, Materia Magazine 5/2020, “The research on recycling of Lithium-ion batteries in Aalto University” pp. 55-57, Available at: https://vuorimiesyhdistys.fi/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Materia_5-2020.pdf

Michaux, S., Butcher, A., Sardisco, L., Hughes, C., Morgan, L., Knauf, O., Dehaine, Q., 2020, “Characterization for Konttijärvi Geometallurgical Orientation Study Samples”, GTK Open File Work Report 28/2020. https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/28_2020.pdf

Salvador, D., Yang, J., 2020, “Purification Tests on Graphite Flotation Concentrates”, GTK Research Report 21/2020.

Seppälä, P., Korhonen, T., 2020, “The Performance and Behavior of Alternative Collectors and the Effect of Temperature in Spodumene Flotation”, GTK Research Report 18/2020.

Fabritius, T., Visuri, V-V., Heikkinen, E-P., Kömi, J., Larkiola, J., Nousiainen, O., Lassi, U., Tynjälä, P., 2019, ”Metallurginen tutkimus Oulun yliopistossa”, Materia 77 (1), 16-19.

Hannula, P-M. Lundström, M., Kauranen, P., 2019, ”Kestävä akkuekosysteemi nojaa kiertotalouteen”, Boardview 2/2019, pp. 40-45. Available at: https://dif.fi/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Boardview-2_2019.pdf

Hakanen, E., 2019, "Lectio: Uudet liiketoimintamallit teknologiateollisuudessa", Tiedepolitiikka 2/2019, pp. 40-42.  

Hannula, P. Lundström, M., Kauranen, P., 2019, “Finland-based Circular Ecosystem of Battery Metals (BATCircle)” Materia 2/2019, pp. 27-28, Available at: https://vuorimiesyhdistys.fi/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Materia_2019-2.pdf

Jokilaakso, A., Lundström, M., Hannula, P-M., Klemettinen, L., 2019, “The Third International Process Metallurgy Symposium – Metallurgy as a tool for challenges in circular economy”, Materia 5/2019, pp. 57-61, Available at: https://vuorimiesyhdistys.fi/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Materia_5-19.pdf

Michaux, S., O’Connor, L., 2019, “How to Set Up and Develop a Geometallurgical Program”, GTK Open File Work Report. http://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/72_2019.pdf

Michaux, S., 2019, “Oil from a Critical Raw Material Perspective”, GTK Open File Work Report, http://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/70_2019.pdf